Geometry and topological order in the non-relativistic Luttinger liquid
arXiv:cond-mat/0209493
Abstract
We demonstrate that the notion of spin-charge separation as follows from the Tomonaga-Luttinger theory of relativistic fermions does not suffice to completely specify the Luttinger liquid state associated with the fermions of condensed matter physics. The latter carries in addition a form of topological order which can be made visible using non-local correlation functions familiar from lattice gauge theory.
4 pages, 2 figures