Spin-1/2 Collective Excitations in BEC of Interacting Spin-1 Atoms
arXiv:cond-mat/0106133
Abstract
We construct spin-1/2 collective excitations in BEC of interacting spin-1 atoms. These excitations exist in states with a maximal global degeneracy. The stability and energy of these objects are determined by interactions with spin fluctuations and are studied based on a duality relation between hyper-monopoles and magnetic monopoles in physical space.
5 pages