Realization of Bose-Einstein condensates in lower dimensions
arXiv:cond-mat/0104549 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.130402
Abstract
Bose-Einstein condensates of sodium atoms have been prepared in optical and magnetic traps in which the energy-level spacing in one or two dimensions exceeds the interaction energy between atoms, realizing condensates of lower dimensionality. The cross-over into two-dimensional and one-dimensional condensates was observed by a change in aspect ratio and saturation of the release energy when the number of trapped atoms was reduced.