The Canada-France deep fields survey-I: 100,000 galaxies, 1 deg^2: a precise measurement of ω(θ) to IAB~25

Abstract

(abridged) Using the UH8K mosaic camera, we have measured the angular correlation function ω(θ) for 100,000 galaxies over four widely separated fields totalling ~1°^2 and reaching IAB~25.5. With this sample we investigate the dependence of ω(θ) at 1', A_ω(1'), on sample median IAB magnitude in the range 19.5<I(AB-med)<24. Our results show that A_ω(1') decreases monotonically to IAB~25. At bright magnitudes, ω(θ) is consistent with a power-law of slope δ= -0.8 for 0.2'<θ<3.0' but at fainter magnitudes we find δ~ -0.6. At the 3σlevel, our observations are still consistent with δ=-0.8. Furthermore, in the magnitude ranges 18.5<IAB<24.0 and 18.5<IAB<23.0 we find galaxies with 2.6<(V-I)AB<2.9 have A_ω(1')'s which are ~10x higher than field values. We demonstrate that our model redshift distributions for the faint galaxy population are in good agreement with current spectroscopic observations. Using these predictions, we find that for low-omega cosmologies and assuming r_0=4.3/h Mpc, in the range 19.5<I(AB-med)<22, the growth of galaxy clustering is ε~0. However, at 22<I(AB-med)<24.0, our observations are consistent with ε>1. Models with ε~0 cannot simultaneously match both bright and faint measurements of A_ω(1`). We show how this result is a natural consequence of the ``bias-free'' nature of the εformalism and is consistent with the field galaxy population in the range 22.0<IAB<24.0 being dominated by galaxies of low intrinsic luminosity.

20 pages, 21 figures, requires natbib.sty, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics