Symmetry results in the half space for a semi-linear fractional Laplace equation through a one-dimensional analysis

Abstract

In this paper we analyze the semi-linear fractional Laplace equation $$(-Δ)^s u = f(u) \quad\text{ in } \mathbb{R}^N_+,\quad u=0 \quad\text{ in } \mathbb{R}^N\setminus \mathbb{R}^N_+,$$ where $\mathbb{R}^N_+=\{x=(x',x_N)\in \mathbb{R}^N:\ x_N>0\}$ stands for the half-space and $f$ is a locally Lipschitz nonlinearity. We completely characterize one-dimensional bounded solutions of this problem, and we prove among other things that if $u$ is a bounded solution with $ρ:=\sup_{\mathbb{R}^N}u$ verifying $f(ρ)=0$, then $u$ is necessarily one-dimensional.

30 pages, 1 figure