The topological property of the irregular sets on the lengths of basic intervals in beta-expansions

Abstract

Let $β> 1$ be a real number and $(ε_1(x, β), ε_2(x, β), \ldots)$ be the $β$-expansion of a point $x \in (0, 1]$. For all $x \in (0,1]$, let $A(D(x))$ be the set of accumulation points of $\frac{-\log_β|I_n(x)|}{n}$ as $n \rightarrow \infty$, where $|I_n(x)|$ is the length of the basic interval of order $n$ containing $x \in (0, 1]$. In this paper, we prove that $A(D(x))$ is always a closed interval for any $x \in (0,1]$. Furthermore, if $λ(β)>0$, the extremely irregular set containing points $x \in [0, 1]$ whose upper limit of $\frac{-\log_β|I_n(x)|}{n}$ equals to $1+ł(β)$ is residual, where $1+ł(β)$ is a constant depending on $β$. As a consequence, the irregular set with $x\in [0, 1]$ whose limit of $\frac{-\log_β|I_n(x)|}{n}$ does not exist is residual for every $λ(β)>0$.

13 pages, 5 main results