Time-of-Flight Roton Spectroscopy in Dipolar Bose-Einstein Condensates

Abstract

Dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates may present a rotonlike dispersion minimum, which has yet to be observed in experiments. We discuss a simple method to reveal roton excitations, based on the response of quasi-two-dimensional dipolar condensates against a weak lattice potential. By employing numerical simulations for realistic scenarios, we analyze the response of the system as a function of both the lattice spacing and the s-wave scattering length, showing that the roton minimum may be readily revealed in current experiments by the resonant population of Bragg peaks in time-of-flight measurements.

5 pages, 5 figures