Min-Max theory and the Willmore conjecture
arXiv:1202.6036
Abstract
In 1965, T. J. Willmore conjectured that the integral of the square of the mean curvature of a torus immersed in Euclidean three-space is at least 2Ï^2. We prove this conjecture using the min-max theory of minimal surfaces.
96 pages. Revised version. To appear in Annals of Mathematics