Classification and nondegeneracy of $SU(n+1)$ Toda system with singular sources

Abstract

We consider the following Toda system Δu_i + \D \sum_{j = 1}^n a_{ij}e^{u_j} = 4πγ_{i}δ_{0} \text{in}\mathbb R^2, \int_{\mathbb R^2}e^{u_i} dx < \infty, \forall 1\leq i \leq n, where $γ_{i} > -1$, $δ_0$ is Dirac measure at 0, and the coefficients $a_{ij}$ form the standard tri-diagonal Cartan matrix. In this paper, (i) we completely classify the solutions and obtain the quantization result: $$\sum_{j=1}^n a_{ij}\int_{\R^2}e^{u_j} dx = 4π(2+γ_i+γ_{n+1-i}), \;\;\forall\; 1\leq i \leq n.$$ This generalizes the classification result by Jost and Wang for $γ_i=0$, $\forall \;1\leq i\leq n$. (ii) We prove that if $γ_i+γ_{i+1}+...+γ_j \notin \mathbb Z$ for all $1\leq i\leq j\leq n$, then any solution $u_i$ is \textit{radially symmetric} w.r.t. 0. (iii) We prove that the linearized equation at any solution is \textit{non-degenerate}. These are fundamental results in order to understand the bubbling behavior of the Toda system.

28 pages