Semi-device independent random number expansion without entanglement

Abstract

By testing the classical correlation violation between two systems, the random number can be expanded and certified without applying classical statistical method. In this work, we propose a new random number expansion protocol without entanglement, and the randomness can be guaranteed only by the 2-dimension quantum witness violation. Furthermore, we only assume that the dimensionality of the system used in the protocol has a tight bound, and the whole protocol can be regarded as a semi-device independent black-box scenario. Comparing with the device independent random number expansion protocol based on entanglement, our protocol is much easier to implement and test.