Stable Fractional Vortices in the Cyclic States of Bose-Einstein Condensates

Abstract

We propose methods to create fractional vortices in the cyclic state of an F = 2 spinor Bose-Einstein condensate by manipulating its internal spin structure using pulsed microwave and laser fields. The stability of such vortices is studied as a function of the rotation frequency of the confining harmonic trap both in pancake and cigar shaped condensates. We find a range of parameters for which the so-called 1/3-vortex state is energetically favorable. Such fractional vortices could be created in condensates of 87Rb atoms using current experimental techniques facilitating probing of topological defects with non-Abelian statistics.

5 pages, 2 figures