The ground states of baryoleptonic Q-balls in supersymmetric models
arXiv:0809.1666 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.78.075014
Abstract
In supersymmetric generalizations of the Standard Model, all stable Q-balls are associated with some flat directions. We show that, if the flat direction has both the baryon number and the lepton number, the scalar field inside the Q-ball can deviate slightly from the flat direction in the ground state. We identify the true ground states of such nontopological solitons, including the electrically neutral and electrically charged Q-balls.
9 pages, 1 figure, revtex