Circular Jacobi Ensembles and deformed Verblunsky coefficients

Abstract

Using the spectral theory of unitary operators and the theory of orthogonal polynomials on the unit circle, we propose a simple matrix model for the following circular analogue of the Jacobi ensemble: $$c_{δ,β}^{(n)} \prod_{1\leq k<l\leq n}| e^{\iiθ_k}-e^{\iiθ_l}|^β\prod_{j=1}^{n}(1-e^{-\iiθ_j})^δ (1-e^{\iiθ_j})^{\overlineδ} $$ with $\Re δ> -1/2$. If $e$ is a cyclic vector for a unitary $n\times n$ matrix $U$, the spectral measure of the pair $(U,e)$ is well parameterized by its Verblunsky coefficients $(α_0, ..., α_{n-1})$. We introduce here a deformation $(γ_0, >..., γ_{n-1})$ of these coefficients so that the associated Hessenberg matrix (called GGT) can be decomposed into a product $r(γ_0)... r(γ_{n-1})$ of elementary reflections parameterized by these coefficients. If $γ_0, ..., γ_{n-1}$ are independent random variables with some remarkable distributions, then the eigenvalues of the GGT matrix follow the circular Jacobi distribution above. These deformed Verblunsky coefficients also allow to prove that, in the regime $δ= δ(n)$ with $δ(n)/n \to \dd$, the spectral measure and the empirical spectral distribution weakly converge to an explicit nontrivial probability measure supported by an arc of the unit circle. We also prove the large deviations for the empirical spectral distribution.

New section on large deviations for the empirical spectral distribution, Corrected value for the limiting free energy